VARIAÇÃO DIÁRIA DA PCR – UMA FERRAMENTA ÚTIL PARA EXCLUSÃO DE DEISCÊNCIA DE ANASTOMOSE COLO-RETAL | CRP DAILY VARIATION – A VALUABLE TOOL FOR EXCLUDING ANASTOMOTIC LEAKAGE
Resumo
PT
Background: A deiscência da anastomose (DA) é uma complicação significativa da cirurgia de cancro colorretal. A trajetória da proteína C-reativa (PCR) após o 2º dia pós-operatório (DPO) com descida após o pico é característica da ausência de DA. O objetivo deste estudo é quantificar a descida da PCR entre o 2º-3º DPO, assegurando uma alta precoce segura no contexto do programa ERAS. Métodos: Analisaram-se retrospetivamente dados de doentes referentes entre janeiro de 2012 e dezembro de 2018, identificando-se aqueles submetidos a cirurgia de cancro colo-retal com anastomose primária. Realizaram-se análises univariada e multivariada, regressão logística, determinação da área sob a curva ROC (AUC) e valores cut off associados. Resultados: 214 doentes foram agrupados por ocorrência de DA (Grupo A, com DA, n=25, (11,7%), Grupo B, sem DA, n=189). Verificou-se maior risco de DA para sexo masculino (p=0,016; OR 5,5), maior tempo de internamento (13 vs 7 dias, p=0,007) e mortalidade hospitalar (16% vs 4%, p=0,026). Quanto à trajetória da PCR no pós-operatório, no grupo B, a PCR atingiu o pico no 2ºDPO diminuindo posteriormente, enquanto, no grupo A, a PCR foi significativamente maior a partir do 2ºDPO, aumentando até ao 4ºDPO. Verificou-se melhor utilidade diagnóstica de DA para PCR em 4ºDPO (AUC=0,816), seguida da variação de PCR entre 3º- 4ºDPO (AUC = 0,777), PCR no 3ºDPO (AUC=0,772), PCR no 5ºDPO (AUC=0,747) e variação de PCR entre 2º- 3ºDPO (AUC=0,702). Uma diminuição de PCR superior a 37% entre 2º-3ºDPO (valor preditivo negativo (VPN) de 99%) e de 39% entre 3º-4ºDPO (VPN de 100%) maximizam a sensibilidade. Conclusão: Doentes que não desenvolvem DA apresentam uma descida de PCR entre 2º-3ºDPO. Uma diminuição de 37% entre o 2º-3ºDPO e de 39% entre o 3º-4ºDPO excluem DA e asseguram uma alta precoce segura. A avaliação dos valores cut off da PCR diária podem ser úteis.
Palavras-chave: Deiscência da anastomose; Proteína C-reativa; Cirurgia colorretal; Cancro colorretal.
EN
Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a significant complication of colorectal cancer surgery. C-reactive protein (CRP) trajectory after the 2nd post-operative day (POD) with a marked declined after peaking is characteristic of absence of AL. The aim of this study is to quantify the CRP decline between 2nd and 3rd POD to ensure a safe early discharge within an ERAS program. Methods: We have conducted a retrospective study analyzing colorectal cancer patients submitted to surgery with primary anastomosis between 2012 and 2018. Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate analyses, logistic regression, determination of area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and cut off values. Results: 214 patients were analyzed (Group A, with AL, n=25 (11,7%) and Group B, without AL=189). On multivariate analysis, AL was related with male sex (p=0,016; OR 5,5), longer length of stay (13 vs 7 days, p=0,007), and higher in-hospital mortality (16% vs 4%, p=0,026). CRP trajectory in Group B peaked on POD2 and declined thereafter. In Group A, CRP values were higher from POD2 onwards until POD4. The better AUC for CRP was on POD4 (AUC=0,816). CRP variation between POD3-4 had AUC=0,777 and CRP variation between POD2-3 had AUC=0,702. A CRP decrease over 37% between POD2-3 (negative predictive value (NPV) of 99%) and a decrease of 39% between POD3-4 (NPV of 100%) maximized the sensitivity. Conclusion: Patients who do not develop AL present a CRP decline between POD2-3. A decrease of 37% between POD2-3 and a decrease of 39% CRP between POD3-4 can exclude AL and confirm an early safe discharge.
Keywords: C-reactive protein; colorectal surgery; anastomotic leakage; colorectal cancer
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